HomeMy WebLinkAboutSolarPacketSolar Energy Generating Systems (SEGS)
Current Regulations
Use Chart:
AR EC P IM IR IG PI AP
Solar Energy Generating Systems, in accordance
with Section 4.26
SE SE SE SE SE SE SE SE
Setback Chart:
Front Side Rear
AR 50 50 50
EC 50 50 50
P 50 50 50
IM n/a n/a n/a
IR 50 251 251
IG 50 251 251 PI 50/1502 150/753 150/753
AP 150/502 150/753 150/753 1Where the proposed uses or buildings abut a lot in a RR, RT, RS, RU, or RM District, any residential use in a mixed-
use development, or any lot occupied by a dwelling, school, place of worship or institution for human care not located
on the same lot as the said use or building, or any lot which is part of a duly recorded residential subdivision, the side
and rear setbacks shall be one hundred (100) feet.
2A front yard adjacent to an expressway or primary highway as shown on the Washington County Highway Plan shall
be one hundred fifty (150) feet. Front yards on other County or municipal streets or interior roads within an industrial
park shall be fifty (50) feet.
3Adjoining a residential district, one hundred fifty (150) feet or seventy-five (75) feet where proper screening as
determined by the Planning Commission along the property line is provided. Adjoining a business or industrial district,
seventy-five (75) feet.
Definitions:
Solar Array:
A ground mounted solar collection system consisting of a linked series of photovoltaic modules.
Solar Collection System:
A panel or other solar energy device, the primary purpose of which is to provide for the collection,
inversion, storage, and distribution of solar energy for electricity generation, space heating, space
cooling or water heating.
Solar Energy Generating System (SEGS):
A grid-tie solar facility consisting of multiple solar arrays whose primary purpose is to generate
electricity for distribution and/or sale into the public utility grid and not for onsite consumption.
Specific Regulations for Solar Energy Generating Systems:
Section 4.26 Solar Energy Generating Systems
The purpose of this section is to establish regulations to facilitate the installation and
construction of Solar Energy Generating Systems as defined in Section 28A (hereinafter “SEGS”)
for landowners, subject to reasonable restrictions which will preserve the public health and safety.
SEGS shall be permitted as a land use as specified in Sections 3.3 and 21.42 of this
ordinance. However, SEGS shall be prohibited as a use in defined Priority Preservation Areas,
Rural Legacy Areas, and Antietam Overlay zones.
A. Design Standards
The following standards shall apply to the development of Solar Energy Generating
Systems:
1. A property owner who has installed or intends to install a solar energy generation system
shall be responsible for negotiating with other property owners in the vicinity for any
necessary solar easement and shall record the easement with the Clerk of the Court. A
property owner who fails to secure an easement for the receipt of solar energy acts at his
own peril and has no recourse against the person allowing or causing the obstruction of the
owner’s receipt of solar energy. Other property owners in the vicinity may obstruct solar
energy collection systems unless a valid easement has been secured.
2. Solar Energy Generating Systems shall adhere to the setback, height, and coverage
requirements of the district in which they are located. All above ground facilities associated
with such generating system (excluding perimeter security fencing) shall be considered a
structure for the purposes of determining required setbacks.
3. Minimum Lot Size. No such generating system shall be erected on any lot less than
twenty acres in size.
4. Buffer Yards. The area designated as a buffer yard may include any required side, rear,
or front yards. A 25-foot wide buffer yard shall be required where the adjoining lot is either
zoned for or contains dwellings, hospitals, nursing homes, schools, or other institutions for
human care. The buffer area shall be measured between the lot line and any area of the lot
proposed for use or development and shall be screened with vegetative plantings. The
plantings shall be spaced so as to create an opaque screen between the adjoining land uses
at a height of no less than 10 feet at maturity. The Planning Commission may waive and/or
modify this requirement if the strict application of the provisions of this section reduces
the usable area of a lot due to lot configuration or size to a point which would preclude a
reasonable use of the lot.
5. Access. All ground-mounted electrical and control equipment shall be labeled and
secured to prevent unauthorized access. A security fence (height and material to be
established through the special use permit process) shall be placed around the perimeter of
the solar energy generating system and electrical equipment shall be locked. Knox boxes
and keys shall be provided at locked entrances for emergency personnel access.
6. Electrical Wires. All electrical wires associated with a Solar Energy Generating System,
other than wires necessary to connect the solar generator to the off-site distribution system,
the wiring to the disconnect junction box, and the grounding wires shall be located
underground.
7. Lighting. All structure mounted and parking lot lighting shall be constructed so that light
and glare are diffused toward the ground.
8. Appearance, Color and Finish - The solar energy collection structures shall remain
painted or finished the color of finish that was originally applied by the manufacturer.
9. Signs. Signage shall comply with Article 22 Division II of this Ordinance. In addition,
warning signage shall be placed on electrical equipment and generating system entrances.
All sites shall be identified by means of a sign no larger than two (2) square feet in size
affixed to the fence identifying the entity using the site and shall provide the telephone
number of a contact person in the event of an emergency.
10. Noise. Audible sound due to Solar Energy Generating System operations shall not
exceed fifty-five (55) dBA for any period of time, when measured from the property line
of any adjacent property improved with a dwelling unit at the time of the issuance of the
zoning certificate. The level however may be exceeded during short-term events such as
utility outages and/or severe windstorms.
11. Electromagnetic Interference. The system shall be operated so that no disruptive
electromagnetic interference is caused to off-site telecommunications, surveillance or other
similar systems. If it has been demonstrated that a system is causing such disruptive
interference, the system owner shall promptly eliminate the disruptive interference or cease
operation of the system.
12. Code Compliance. A Solar Energy Generating System and all of its components shall
comply with all applicable construction and electrical codes.
13. Utility notification and interconnection. Solar Energy Generating Systems that connect
to the electric utility shall comply with applicable Public Service Commission regulations.
14. Public Service Commission. In accordance with the Maryland Annotated Code, Public
Utilities Companies, Section 7-207.1, any property owner seeking to construct a Solar
Energy Generating System and connect such system to the main power grid with the
capability of transporting energy back to their main power company shall apply to the
Public Service Commission (PSC) for approval and provide documentation of such
approval to Washington County prior to construction and issuance of a building permit.
15. Violations. It is unlawful for any person to construct, install, or operate a Solar Energy
Generating System that is not in compliance with this section or with any condition
contained in a building permit issued pursuant to this section.
16. Life of the project and final reclamation. As part of the site plan approval, a description
of the decommissioning and final land reclamation plan after anticipated useful life or
abandonment or termination of the project shall be required. This will include evidence of
an agreement with the property owner that ensures proper final removal of power
generating equipment.
B. Design Standards in Airport Zones
For the purpose of this section an Airport Zone shall mean all Euclidean and overlay
districts outlined in Article 21 of this Ordinance.
Anyone planning to establish a SEGS within any Airport district should refer to the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) guidance document FAA-ARP-TR-10-1 – Technical Guidance
for Evaluating Selected Solar Technologies on Airports. In addition, the following design
standards shall apply to installation of SEGS in any Airport Zone:
1. Solar collection devices shall be limited to photovoltaic devices only. Concentrated solar
power systems are prohibited due to potential reflectivity, electromagnetic interference,
and thermal plume hazards.
2. All SEGS projects located within airport zones shall be subject to review by the FAA.
Analysis of Solar Generating Systems 1
August 5, 2019
Analysis of Solar Generating Systems
General Information:
• The State of Maryland adopted a renewable energy portfolio that requires 50% of all
electricity produced in the State to be from renewable energy sources by 2030. Of the
50%; 14.5% is to be produced from solar.
• Solar photovoltaic generating systems are exempt from Public Service Commission
(PSC) permits if they generate less than 2MW. Above 2MW systems require a
Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN).
• Recent court case upholds lower courts decision that the PSC has sole authority to
approve the location of solar photovoltaic generating systems that require a CPCN.
However, the PSC is required to give “due consideration” to local comprehensive plans
and zoning regulations as part of their deliberations. The PSC routinely invites the local
governing authority to sit with them during public hearings regarding new permits.
• There are currently three (3) counties in the State of Maryland that do not address solar
energy generating facilities in their zoning ordinance: Garrett, Prince George’s, and
Somerset.
• According to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) the current (2018) national
average of homes powered by 1 MW of solar power is 190. MD had a slightly lower
average of about 110.
Analysis of Solar Generating Systems 2
August 5, 2019
Source: Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) https://www.seia.org/initiatives/whats-megawatt
Topics for Discussion:
1) Consumption of prime agricultural land
2) Location and method of connecting to the grid (underground/overhead?)
3) Impacts on environmentally sensitive areas and animal habitats
4) Impacts on historic and cultural resources including viewsheds
5) Decommissioning of facilities (bonded?)
6) Impacts on Forest Conservation
7) Buffers, Landscaping and Fencing
8) Community vs. Utility Scale projects
What other jurisdictions are doing:
Issue 1: Consumption of prime agricultural land.
• Two counties, Anne Arundel and Frederick, specifically limit the amount of disturbance
permitted in areas with prime agricultural soils.
Analysis of Solar Generating Systems 3
August 5, 2019
Anne Arundel County (Bill No. 89-18):
“The developer of the solar facility shall, to the degree practicable, avoid disturbing
prime agricultural soils, and shall provide an analysis to demonstrate how the developer
is avoiding disturbance of prime agricultural soils. The development may not result in
more than 50 percent of prime agricultural soils on the site being removed from existing
or potential agricultural production.” §18-11-156(6)
Frederick County (Zoning Ordinance §1-19-10.700)
Frederick County only permits Commercial Solar Facilities in the Agricultural Zone via
application for a Floating Zone.
“The applicant shall establish that the project will not be located on prime farmland soils
identified in the USDA Soil Survey for Frederick County”. §1-19-10.700(C)(4)
• Several counties including Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Caroline, Howard, and Queen
Anne’s prohibit the location of utility scale solar generating systems on various land
preservation and conservation easements.
• Several counties limit or cap the amount of land permitted to be used for generating
systems on the site (i.e. 25% of net tract area). Other counties limit the total acreage that
can be used (i.e. 20 acres). Baltimore County limits the number of facilities to 10 per
district of each County Councilman.
Issue 2: Location and method of connecting to the grid
• Connection to the grid is typically dictated by the transmission and distribution company
that currently owns and services the lines.
• Alleghany County requires that interconnections be placed underground.
Issue 3: Impacts on environmentally sensitive areas and animal habitats
• Nearly all Counties specifically limit or prohibit generating systems in environmentally
sensitive areas.
• Anne Arundel county requires mitigation for wildlife corridors.
Anne Arundel County
“Any solar facility where the fenced area would exceed 15 acres shall provide a wildlife
corridor conforming with the provisions of the current Anne Arundel County greenways master
plan.” §18-11-156(4)
Issue 4: Impacts on historic and cultural resources
• Nearly all counties reference impacts on historic or cultural resources such as historic
inventory sites, scenic byways, parks, etc. Some counties go so far as to prohibit
generating systems within the viewshed of these resources.
Analysis of Solar Generating Systems 4
August 5, 2019
Issue 5: Decommissioning of Facilities
• All of the counties with regulations regarding solar generating facilities require
installers/developers to prepare plans for decommissioning/reclamation.
• Some counties require a full reclamation plan with estimated costs associated with the
decommissioning of a site.
• A few counties require bonds to be posted prior to construction of the system to ensure
facilities are dismantled and reclaimed are decommissioning.
Anne Arundel County
“A decommissioning plan shall be submitted to the office of Planning and Zoning for approval.
The plans shall include a requirement for a grading permit or standard grading plan and that all
on-site equipment associated with the solar facility shall be removed within 12 months of
cessation of operations. Decommissioning security in accordance with §17-6-702 of this code
and equal to 125% of the decommissioning cost shall be posted prior to commencement of the
use.” §18-11-156(13)
“The County shall review the amount of the security every five years and may require additional
security or reduce the amount of the posted security if it determines, at its sole discretion, that the
posted security no longer equals 125% of the decommissioning costs. §18-11-156(14)
“A solar facility is presumed to cease operations if no power is generated by the system for a
period of 12 consecutive months. The owner of the solar facility shall have 12 months after
cessation of operations to dismantle and remove the solar facility. If the owner fails to dismantle
or remove the solar facility as required, the County may complete the removal at the owners
expense, and shall retain all or part of the decommissioning security which shall become
property of the County.” §18-11-156(15)
Issue 6: Impact on Forest Conservation Act
• The question has been brought up if solar generating systems still have to comply with
Forest Conservation regulations since the PSC is the ultimate authority in site approval
and design. Maryland DNR has strongly encouraged Counties to continue to enforce
FCA requirements through the public hearing process with the PSC. Washington County
has continued to enforce these requirements.
• A few counties have added a penalty clause to their solar ordinance that any tree cutting
would result in a 3 to 1 reforesting mitigation requirement.
Anne Arundel County
“The developer shall comply with the provisions of the County Forest Conservation
Act…regardless of any state waiver or reduction of state forest conservation requirements for
solar energy systems. Mitigation for tree removal shall be at the ratio of 3-to-1. §18-11-156(3)
Analysis of Solar Generating Systems 5
August 5, 2019
Issue 7: Buffers, Landscaping, and Fencing
•Most counties include requirements for buffering the areas surround solar panels with
landscaping and fencing.
Issue 8: Community vs. Utility Scale facilities
•Many counties differentiate between small scale community solar generating facilities
and large scale utility facilities. All that have regulations use the 2MW threshold for
CPCN as the breaking point between small and large scale facilities.
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¹
LegendLegend
!Solar Electric Generating Systems
Roads
Municipal Boundaries
Growth Areas
County Boundary
Washington County, Maryland
Document Path: U:\Views\MRH\Main\Projects\Planner Requests\Jill\County Soils\SEG_Locations.mxd
Solar ElectricSolar ElectricGenerating SystemsGenerating Systems
Data Sources:
Washington County, Accela LandDev RecordsPrepared By:
Washington County Department of Planning and Zoning
Geographic Information Systems
Key Record #Project Name Approval Date
1 SP-18-043 Millstone Solar 3/20/2019
2 SP-15-043 BIG SPRING SOLAR LLC 2/5/2016
3 SP-18-020 Rockdale Solar, LLC 12/26/2018
4 SP-15-040 PINESBURG SOLAR, L.L.C.2/5/2016
5 SP-14-046 CREEK SOLAR 11/14/2014
6 SP-16-007 FORTY WEST SOLAR SITE 6/20/2016
7 SP-15-017 RESH SOUTH LANDFILL SOLAR PROJECT 5/6/2015
8 SP-16-006 RESH SOUTH EAST SOLAR PROJECT 6/30/2016
9 SP-09-037 STAPLES-SOLAR GENERATION SYSTEM 9/23/2009
10 SP-10-010 STAPLES-SOLAR POWER GENERATION SYSTEM II 4/13/2010
11 SP-09-003 VOLVO POWER TRAIN SOLAR ARRAY 6/25/2009
12 SP-14-031 VOLVO, NORTH SOLAR EMPLOYEE PARKING LOT 7/30/2014
13 SP-15-021 VOLVO-SOLAR ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM 6/17/2015
14 SP-16-021 GOODWILL INDUSTRIES, INC. - SOLAR COLLECTION SYSTEM 8/10/2016
15 SP-19-019 Hostetter Solar 7/19/2019
16 SP-17-024 Solar Gaines 12/12/2017
17 N/A Maryland Solar, LLC - Maryland Correctional Facilities Solar Projet N/A
HancockHancock
Clear SpringClear Spring
WilliamsportWilliamsport
HagerstownHagerstown
FunkstownFunkstown
SmithsburgSmithsburg
BoonsboroBoonsboro
KeedysvilleKeedysville
SharpsburgSharpsburgDOWNSVILLEPIKE EDGEMONTRDCLEARSPRINGRD
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Miles
¹
LegendLegend
Roads
Soil Capability
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Municipal Boundaries
Growth Areas
County Boundary
Washington County, Maryland
Document Path: U:\Views\MRH\Main\Projects\Planner Requests\Jill\County Soils\Soils_Classes.mxd
Soil CapabilitiesSoil Capabilities
Data Sources:
U. S. Census Bureau
MD Office of Planning
MD Dept of Natural Resources
MD State Highway Administration
Natural Resources Conservation Services
Washington County Planning DeptPrepared By:
Washington County Department of Planning and Zoning
Geographic Information Systems